There is an increase emphasis in using the Literature Based Approach in the classroom and so there is a dire need for teachers to use innovative ways to make Literature come alive in the classroom as the basis for instruction. Tunnell and Jacob (1989) posits that making Literature the basis of instruction in the classroom has the propensity of moulding students into critical thinkers, better readers and enhancing their writing skills. To enjoy these benefits, Johns et al (1990) postulate that students need to be engaged in good Literature- that is literature which significantly impacts on the literacy levels of students.
Gunning (2000) suggested the use of a “Core Literature Program” which involves the use of a variety of novels which give students “a common ground for building conversation” and “a reference point for comparing and contrasting books and stories”. The books selected should reflect students interests and be guided by their background and race. Gunning therefore underscores students’ involvement in the selection process.
Another module in using the Literature Based Approach is “text set”. Through her study on the Literature Based Approach, Restrepo (1988) asserts that books should not be considered in isolation. Rather, selected books should be part of a larger selection in Literature. Gunning (2000) expounds on this view through the assertion that the books chosen can either be by the same author, within the same genre or have the same point of focus. Reading within the same set of novels creates the avenue for students to have a common ground for discussion.
A third module which can be utilized is “thematic unit”. This approach centres instruction on a theme and have the tendency of helping struggling readers to activate background knowledge and to connect their understanding to other contexts.
In addition to utilizing the aforementioned modules, students need to be given the opportunity to respond to the Literature. Halpern (1986) advocates the use of journals where students are encouraged to write about the books they have read. This view buttresses the point that students construct meaning from what they have read through writing. In addition to journals, teachers can make use of listening logs, portfolios, scrap books and learning logs. Students can also be engaged in “writers’ workshops” where they get to discuss the books with other students and teachers. This makes students preview to other ideas, opinions and may even reinforces their own ideas.
While the literature based approach should be a student centred approach, the teacher remains an important element in the process. The teacher serves as a facilitator and guide in the process. He/ she has the responsibility of providing scaffolding for students and making learning an enjoyable experience for students. The teacher has to activate students’ prior knowledge and to use their experiences to help them identify with the text. Most importantly, teachers have to help students develop an appreciation for Literature. By so doing, students will ultimately value the literature and see its needs in their everyday lives for literature is not just a subject taught at school but a skill learned for life.
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ReplyDeleteWell said Ms.Gimie!
ReplyDeleteHowever, one question...do you think that integrating the two subjects was beneficial?
I know that you have highlighted all the ways this integration can be beneficial to students but personally, how do you feel about the move towards integrating the two subjects?
honestly at first i was a bit Sceptical primarily because I was not sure as to how to approach it. However, i have welcomed it given that i am clearer on the "hows" and "whats" of it and wish it was introduced to me in this manner at first. Though some persons may see it as imposing the "Literature" on students, i see it as a much needed step to build a "literature awareness" in everyone who passes through the walls of a secondary school. We need to expose our students and sensitize them of the true meaning of literature- that is not the mere "English B" that we once knew and that it lies at the core of every other subject. Really now i do see literature as part of every subject. Once it has been integrated not only in English but also into the Curriculum, that awareness we want to insigate in our students will become inevitable.
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